India’s leading power producer, NTPC, is considering the use of small modular reactors (SMRs) to replace its aging thermal power plants. This marks the first such initiative since India began easing restrictions on its tightly regulated nuclear sector. According to a tender document released on Monday, NTPC is seeking consultants to conduct feasibility studies for these SMRs, which feature simpler designs than traditional large nuclear plants and can be expanded based on energy needs.

A signboard of NTPC (National Thermal Power Corporation Limited) is seen outside its office in Mumbai, India, July 23, 2018.

NTPC, a state-run company, primarily operates coal-fired facilities. The tender outlines plans to pinpoint coal plants due for retirement within the next five years, with a preference for transitioning them to SMRs. The company currently manages around 63 gigawatts (GW) of coal-based capacity, including through joint ventures. This move signals a shift toward diversifying its energy sources.

Earlier reports from February noted NTPC’s discussions with international companies, including firms from Russia and the United States, to develop SMRs. These talks align with India’s broader goal, announced in early February, to revise its nuclear liability laws. The changes aim to attract foreign and private investment, targeting a nuclear capacity of at least 100 GW by 2047, up from the current 8 GW managed solely by the state-run Nuclear Power Corp of India.

While other firms, such as Tata Power, have shown interest in SMRs, NTPC stands out as the first to formally issue a tender for feasibility assessments. A company official stated: “This step allows us to explore sustainable options for future energy demands.” The focus remains on replacing outdated coal plants with cleaner, scalable alternatives to meet domestic consumption needs.

Beyond SMRs, NTPC is also advancing plans for larger nuclear reactors, aiming for a combined capacity of about 15 GW. Construction has already begun on two plants, each with a capacity of 2.6 GW. These efforts reflect NTPC’s strategy to modernize its infrastructure while addressing growing energy requirements in India.

The initiative centers on enhancing the country’s power generation framework, with SMRs offering a flexible solution for retiring coal facilities. The tender avoids speculative details, emphasizing practical steps toward implementation. It also steers clear of trade-related aspects like exports or imports, focusing solely on domestic energy production and consumption.

NTPC’s exploration of SMRs highlights a significant move in India’s energy sector, blending innovation with sustainability. By engaging consultants and pursuing feasibility studies, the company aims to ensure a smooth transition from coal to nuclear power, supporting India’s long-term energy objectives.